| Puerto Rico Police Policia de Puerto Rico |
|
| Common name | La Uniformada (The Uniformed) |
| Abbreviation | PPR |
| The Patch of the Puerto Rico Police. | |
| The logo of the Puerto Rico Police | |
| The Badge of the Puerto Rico Police. | |
| Motto | Proteccion, Integridad |
| Protection and Integrity | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | February 21, 1899 |
| Preceding agency | Puerto Rico Insular Police |
| Dissolved | 1899–1956 |
| Legal personality | Governmental: Government agency |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Operations jurisdiction* | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, US |
| Map of Puerto Rico Police's jurisdiction. | |
| Size | 5,324 square miles (13,790 km2) |
| Population | 3,725,789 (2010 Census) |
| Legal jurisdiction | Commonwealth of Puerto Rico |
| General nature | |
| Operational structure | |
| Headquarters | Cuartel General 601 Roosevelt Ave, West Hato Rey San Juan, Puerto Rico |
| Police Officers | 17,292 |
| Agency executive | Gen. Emilio Diaz, Superintendent |
| Child agency | United Forces of Fast Action of the Puerto Rico Police |
| Supervisions |
List
|
| Regions |
List
|
| Facilities | |
| Districts (One station in town) and Precincts (more than 1 station in town)s | 71 Districts 34 Precincts 13 Highway Patrol Areas |
| Police car & Motorcycless | Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor Ford Explorer Ford Taurus Ford Econiline Ford F-250 Chevrolet Trailblazer Chevrolet Tahoe Chevrolet Impala Dodge Charger Harley Davidson Electra Glide Honda Shadow Suzuki 8000 |
| Helicopters and airplanes | Bell 407 Bell 412 McDonnell Douglas MD-520N Cessna 404 Titan Cessna 310R |
| Website | |
| www.policia.gobierno.pr | |
| Footnotes | |
| * Divisional agency: Division of the country, over which the agency has usual operational jurisdiction. | |
The Puerto Rico Police (Policía de Puerto Rico), also known in Puerto Rico as La Uniformada ("The Uniformed"), is the police force of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, with island-wide jurisdiction. The Puerto Rico Police is also one of two investigative arms of many of Puerto Rico's municipal police forces, the other one being the Puerto Rico Bureau of Special Investigations, a branch of the Department of Justice of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
The police force is organized into 13 police regions within the commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Its headquarters are located at the Cuartel General (General Station House), 601 Franklin D. Roosevelt Avenue, Hato Rey, Puerto Rico.
The Puerto Rico Police traces its history back to 1837, when Spanish governor Francisco Javier de Moreda y Prieto created La Guardia Civil de Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico Civil Guard) to protect the lives and property of Puerto Ricans, who at the time were Spanish subjects. It provided police services to the entire island, although many municipalities maintained their own police force.
Since invading and taking possession of Puerto Rico in July 1898, as a result of the Spanish American War, the United States has controlled the island as a US territory. The Insular Police of Porto Rico was created on February 21, 1899, under the command of Colonel Frank Thacher (US Marine officer during the Spanish American War),[1] with an authorized strength of 313 sworn officers.
On March 21, 1937, more than 30 officers placed themselves in an intersection in downtown Ponce to block a march by the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party to protest the insular government. As the demonstrators marched, singing La Borinqueña (Puerto Rico's state song), General Blanton Winship, the U.S. appointed governor of Puerto Rico, ordered Chief of Police Guillermo Soldevilla to open fire on the protesters. In the massacre that lasted 15 minutes, 19 people died, including a seven-year-old girl. This and other incidents involving the Insular Police fueled the Puerto Rico independence movement, leading to the burning of police stations and post offices in 1950, and the Jayuya Uprising.
In 1980, in accordance to Law 26 of 1974, it was described as "a quasi-military" organization of public safety, later to be changed by a new law in the 1990s as a "Civil Organization" of public safety as those on the US mainland.
In 1993, governor Pedro Rosello created a new plan to fight back crime called Mano Dura Contra el Crimen (or "Strong Hand Against Crime") in which Puerto Rico Police officers were assisted by the Puerto Rico National Guard in everything that involves police work, except police investigations. They were better known because of the raids that they made in housing complexes or "Caserios" with rapid force and precision and also, the use of military vehicles and tactics. This program was put to the test from 1993 to 1996 with great results, but unfortunately, 48 police officers died in the line of duty. It was later activated again in 2004 by governor Sila María Calderón but not with the same intensity as in the early 1990s.
In 2009, Police Superintendent Jose Figueroa Sancha re-organized the Puerto Rico Police in terms of commanding officers and regional organization. Every police zone was changed to have two commanding officers: one in charge of the field operations, and the other in charge of investigations. Also, the name was changed from Police Zones to Police Regions. Also, a new policy of the agency was to get involved in the community. Officers must get out of that patrol car and sometimes patrol on foot in neighborhoods so they can talk to citizens and socialize, as well identify the problems that exist in the neighborhood.
In September 2009 the government of Puerto Rico suffered an economic crisis, which caused the dismissal of thousands of public employees. Many citizens' concern was that the dismissals of public employees would cause the level of criminal incidents to increase. Governor Luis Fortuño dismissed this concern. But in the last 3 months of the year 2009, crime increased dramatically, leading to the lists murders, commercial and house burglaries, and carjackings. The year 2009 ended with a total of 894 murders, that would be 74 murders more than those reported in 2008.
The year 2010 began with a rise in type 1 crimes (murder robberies, carjackings), leading the murder by family feuds and those related to the transfer of drugs and illegal weapons. In the first 14 days of 2010, there were 30 murders reported, an average of 15 per week. Because of this alarming crime wave, the Superintendent of police, Jose Figueroa Sancha met with his colonels, commanders and chiefs of the 13 police regions and specialized divisions to create a new anti-crime plan.
As of 2009, the PRPD has over 17,292 officers.[2]
The chain of command in the Puerto Rico Police is:
Police Superintendent is the top commanding officer. He is one of five "head of government agencies" appointed by the governor of Puerto Rico. He leads the department and makes the orders to the agency, and also instructs the commanding officers for field operations.
Associate Superintendent is the second in command. He follows every order from the superintendent, including if the superintendent cannot do some specific things that the second in command can do. Also, in case of sickness, disability or death, the Associate Superintendent assumes the position of Superintendent.
Auxiliary Superintendent of Field Operations is in charge of every activity in the Puerto Rico Police Department that is related with the protection of life and property, maintaining law and order, the protection of civil rights and crime prevention, almost as a 2nd in command. He plans, coordinates, leads and controls all the operational actions on the prevention service phase with the integration of citizens in a common effort and meet the training-educational aspect of children and to prevent youth crime, in line with guidelines issued by the Superintendent. Also, he applies the public policy on rescuing the affected communities by groups linked to drug trafficking that took control of the perimeters of the public and private housing projects.
Since 1899, police chiefs in Puerto Rico have been appointed by the United States Government. Selecting the police chief was originally a responsibility of the commanding officer of the United States Army in Puerto Rico, who also served as the governor until 1900, when the Foraker Act was established. Afterwards, police chiefs were named by the civilian government of Puerto Rico and the Chief of Police could serve in that position for not more than 4 years.
Law #77 converted the Puerto Rico Insular Police into the Puerto Rico Police Department on June 22, 1956. This converted the department from a quasi-military organization into a civil police force. The Chief of Police position was replaced by a Superintendent. Since then, the police superintendent has been named by the Governor of Puerto Rico.
| Title | Insignia/Pin | Officers in Each Rank |
|---|---|---|
| Superintendent |
|
|
| Colonel |
|
|
| Lieutenant Colonel |
|
|
| Commander |
|
|
| Inspector |
|
|
| Captain |
|
|
| First Lieutenant |
|
|
| Second Lieutenant |
|
|
| Sergeant |
|
|
| Corporal |
|
|
| Officer assigned as a Detective |
|
|
| Police Officer (as of January 25, 2007) |
|
Source: [2]
All divisions and bureaus are under the command of both the Superintendent and the Auxiliary Superintendent of Field Operations.
The Highway Patrol Bureau is divided into three divisions: the Radar and Alcohol Detection Unit, the Expressway Patrol Unit, and the Metro Rail Unit. The first two divisions share the same primary objectives of preventing and investigating traffic accidents, arresting drunk drivers, arresting street racers and confiscating vehicles used for street racing. The Metro Rail Unit specifically protects the San Juan Metropolitan Area Rail System, or "Tren Urbano" in Spanish.
The Special Operations Division is an elite unit that takes the fight to the enemy's doorstep. These officers impact the places where drug dealers sell the narcotics, called Drug Points. In this hostile and dangerous environment, officers have been frequently attacked by drug point shooters, making the D.O.E. the highest risk unit of the Puerto Rico Police Department.
The Tactical Operations Division, better known by Puerto Rican citizens as "Fuerza de Choque" (could be translated as Strike, Shock or Crash Force), is a well-known unit within the Puerto Rico Police. Its "hands-on" tactics for crowd control, the unit's primary mission, have been infamous among Puerto Ricans, most noticeably where physical control of large gatherings people is necessary to prevent disorder or to restore order. Fuerza de Choque's historic manner in dealing with crowd-control situations throughout its years of service has earned it criticism and complaints about civil-rights violations.
Litigation and legislation during the past years has brought improvements to the division's control techniques, reducing complaints and injuries, while improving its public image. Title 42 of the United States Code (Section 14141), prohibits law enforcement officers from depriving individuals of rights protected by U.S. law.
Members of the D.O.T. are selected, from the main police force, based on their reputation of being hard-working, tolerant and patient officers, not easily provoked or over-zealous. Besides having the leadership traits of a model, modern police officer, Fuerza-de-Choque candidates must meet the minimum height requirement of 5 feet 10 inches (1.78 m) or be talented in martial arts or another form of self defense. Besides crowd and riot control duties, Fuerza de Choque officers perform search and rescue, disaster and directed patrol operations. Its membership may be found within the ranks of the regular police force (patrol/investigations) as well as in full time SWAT teams.
Many citizens of Puerto Rico have been aware of the unit's "heavy-handed" reputation. The mere presence of a platoon of Fuerza de Choque's impressively fit officers wearing black berets, sharp uniforms and "spit-shined" boots is cause for a melting pot of feelings; admiration and respect as well as apprehension and distrust. Nevertheless, Fuerza de Choque's mission of crowd control has been the same throughout its service history, and it could be loosely characterized as successful; therefore, the unit remains an important resource to police field commanders throughout the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
The Motorized Impact Unit is a subdivided unit that comes from the Traffic Bureau and the Tactical Operations Unit. Deployed on motorcycles with the blue uniform and D.O.T. patch, unit members are easily identified. They are the first on the scene of a riot, taking control of the situation until the main D.O.T. squads arrive.
The United Forces of Fast Action (Fuerzas Unidas de Rapida Accion) or F.U.R.A. is a bureau that coordinates and leads all strategies to fight the trafficking of drugs, narcotics, illegal weapons and illegal aliens. Specialized divisions within the bureau include: Air Support, Divers, Rescue, S.W.A.T., K-9 and Horseback units. The Bureau also coordinates with US federal agencies to fight crime.
Organized in 1982, this division investigates robbery and fraud attempts committed against companies dedicated to the storage or custody of money or valuables. The division also coordinates the Amber Alert system and investigates all kidnappings.
The Organized Crime Bureau conducts strategic research in the field of organized crime in Puerto Rico.
This unit is the Dignitary Protective Services Division of the Puerto Rico Police Department. They have been charged with protecting the Governor of Puerto Rico and his family, the Secretary of State, the Police Superintendent, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House. Additionally, they protect the Resident Commissioner, Puerto Rico's only representative in the U.S. Congress, as well as other visiting government dignitaries, U.S. and foreign. They have also been charged with investigating individuals who apply for security-guard licenses on the island, as well as certain individuals requesting a concealed carry permit. O.S.P. officers dress in plain clothes, usually dark suits, and wear a small gold circular lapel pin. If studied closely, it can be seen that this pin is the agent's badge.
Uniformed agents are also assigned to the office. These agents have been mostly assigned to motorcycle units, and as advance agents.
Of all the Police units in Puerto Rico, this unit has been possibly the most elite in the force. Agents assigned to it have been trusted with the protection of the most important government officials on the island. Thus, most of the agents on the unit came from SWAT, Tactical Operations, Crimimnal Investigations Corps CIC), Homicide Detectives and the best of the PRPD Highway Patrol.
Vehicles
The O.S.P. uses a diverse inventory of vehicles in the transportation and protection of dignitaries. In the 1990s and early 2000s they used the following vehicles:
1990s:
|
2000s
|
|
Currently:
|
|
This division has been in charge of:
Formed in the early 1970s, this unit has been in charge of investigating crimes in Puerto Rico. Its agents are mostly veteran officers, or young officers who recently graduated from the academy. All 13 police regions in Puerto Rico have this bureau. Most of its cases have been from robberies and homicides. The bureau's divisions include:
|
|
The Puerto Rico police uniforms have changed in style and color over the years. The PRPD uniform of the 1930s was a long-sleeve, navy blue button shirt, with a gun belt about the waist and support crossing the chest. Navy blue pants had a black line on the side of the legs from the waist down. In the 1960s, the only change to the uniform was the gun belt. The strap for the gun was only at the waist. In that same year, the patch was the Great Seal of Puerto Rico under the name Policia de Puerto Rico (Police of Puerto Rico).
Later, in the late 1980s, the uniform was changed to a short-sleeve, light-blue button shirt. The police patch changed to an image of a police officer saluting a family, near a road, with the view of the city and the mountains. This patch is still in use.
In 2004, the patch was changed to an image of a man and woman dressed as police officers, with the U.S. and Puerto Rico flags behind, with the city and a garita or watch tower also behind. This patch is less popular with the force and not worn as often as the previous patch.
The uniform in current use is the light-blue shirt, with long or short sleeves and navy blue pants, with the black line on the side of the legs from waist down. Lieutenants, captains, inspectors and colonels have used either light-blue button shirts or white button shirts.
Specialized units, such as the horseback police, wear the light-blue shirts, but reserve the long sleeves for ceremonies, wearing the short sleeves or the navy blue long sleeve shirt that says Policia (Police) on the back and the arms for coastal patrol. The pants have a yellow line instead of a black line on the sides and are worn with horseback boots.
During its early years, the PRPD used horses, Harley Davidson motorcycles and Jeeps to patrol downtown and tourism areas. Horses were also used to patrol mountainous areas. In 1955 the fleet consisted of motorcycles, Volkswagen Beetles, and military jeeps. In the mid-1960s, Governor Roberto Sánchez Vilella changed the fleet to the Plymouth Fury.
By 1985, the ground patrol fleet consisted of the Plymouth Gran Fury, Ford LTD Crown Victoria and confiscated vehicles, converted into undercover or marked police vehicles, until the late 1980s. During the administration of Pedro Rosello, the fleet switched to the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. Other vehicles in the new fleet included the Jeep Cherokee, Mitsubishi Montero and Chevrolet Caprice.
Patrol cars have had several different color schemes. They were originally painted dark blue, with white on the front doors and top (see image at right), showing the department logo on the front doors. A blue, rotating code-3 light bar was mounted on the roof. Unmarked vehicles used a single rotating light inside the car.
In 1998, the vehicles and colors of the patrol car fleet changed. The new fleet consisted of the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor, Mitsubishi Montero, Chevrolet Camaro, Ford Mustang, Honda Police CB500P, Harley Davidson Electra Glide, Ford Excursion and Ford Expedition (these last two only for SWAT). The new color scheme was a white base all over the car, with two color lines, blue and yellow crossed, running along the side (see image below). From the rear of the car to its mid-point, the blue line ran above the yellow line. At the mid-point, the blue line crossed behind the yellow line, placing the blue line below the yellow line from there to the front tire. The logo was on the front doors. "Emergencia 9-1-1" (Emergency 9-1-1) was marked on each side at the rear of the car. Vehicle unit numbers were placed near the front door, just over the edge of the front tires on both sides; also on the roof, behind the light bar.
Governor Sila M. Calderon integrated the Ford Explorer and the Ford Taurus into the fleet in 2003, replacing the Mitsubishi Montero and Jeep Cherokee, although specialized units continued using some of these older models. The Ford Mustang replaced the Chevrolet Camaro and the Honda Shadow motorcycle replaced Honda Police CB500P motorcycle. Harley Davidson Electra Glide motorcycles remained in service, but were assigned only to veteran motorcycle patrol officers and the governor's escort. This was also when LED light bars were introduced to the fleet, on the Chevrolet Impala cars assigned only to the Public Residential Security Corps.
A minor change in the paint scheme in 2003 was applied only to Highway Patrol vehicles; the blue line continued over the yellow line from rear to front, without intersecting, but with a curve toward the front door. Search lights were mounted on each side of the light bar on the roof, and also on the front sides. The PRPD logo was placed on the left side of the front door, rather than being centered on the door, while the highway patrol logo was centered on the rear doors.
A newer model of the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor jointed the fleet in 2008, along with the Chevrolet Trailblazer. A new paint job was applied a month after the new vehicles arrived, but it affected only the Ford Crown Victoria cars. The new design started with a white base color, then yellow was painted on the first half down on each side, dark blue was painted on the middle on each side, leaving the white base on the hood, top and back of the car.
The logo was put on the front door in the upper left corner or right corner, depending on the side. "Policia" (Police) was painted in white on the dark blue area of the front doors. The motto, "Proteccion, Integridad" (Protection and Integrity) was painted in white on the dark blue area of the back doors. On the yellow area, the name of the precinct, district or specialized unit was marked in dark blue. On the back end of each side, "Emergencia 9-1-1" was painted in white on the dark blue area. The back of the vehicle was marked with the patrol number, plus 9-1-1 and "Policia". The patrol unit number was also applied to the top of each vehicle.
The light bar on the 2008 Interceptors was a blue LED with two search lights, mounted on the left and right of the bar. A double search light was placed in the middle front.
The Ford Explorer was replaced by the Chevrolet Trailblazer for patrol duties, but many specialized units still use the Explorer.
In July 2009, the Highway Patrol division received the newest fleet of Dodge Charger for its Expressway Division, replacing the Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. These vehicles have a gray base color, with the logo in the middle of the front door and the words Autopistas (Expressway) and "Highway Patrol" under the logo.
On the back side of the trunk is the logo of the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works, in a smaller size. A blue LED light bar is mounted inside the vehicle; it has two light bars in the front with two searchlights on its sides, and one complete light bar in the back. The purpose of the new patrol car is to be what it calls a Patrulla Fantasma or Ghost Patrol Car. It surprises speeders by pretending to be a government vehicle of the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public Works.
The Freeway Division of the Highway Patrol received the latest generation of Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor. It has a gray base color, but the PPR logo is located only on the middle of the front door and without the logo of the Department of Transportation. A blue LED light bar is mounted inside the car, exactly the same as the new Expressway patrol cars. It plays the same role, Patrullas Fantasmas (Ghost Patrol).
After a poll with citizens and police personnel, the results show that public respect for officers suffered from the use of the yellow, blue and white color paint scheme referred to by officers as "Poli-Taxis".
On January 25, 2010, the fleet was completely changed, especially the patrol units serving the precincts and districts. The department bought 47 Chevrolet Tahoe cars in 2010 at a cost of $1.2 million dollars of U.S. funds. This will completely replace the remaining Mitsubishi Montero and Ford Explorers patrolling the street for specialized units. It also bought Suzuki model 8000 motorcycles to replace the Honda Shadow.
The Ford Crown Victoria with the yellow, blue and white colors ("Poli-Taxis") will be repainted. Its new colors will be dark blue with reflective white lines on the back, sides and hood, the word "Policia" on each side, the logo on the back and upper sides, and "Emergencia 9-1-1" on the back window and back sides. Motorcycles will have the same paint, but with new blue LED lights on the back and front. Also, the maritime fleet and Air Fleet will also have a "makeover". These changes were forecast to be on the streets of Puerto Rico by early February 2010. The units of Autopistas (Highway Patrol) and Transito (Transit) with the gray base color and logo on the sides will not be affected by the color change.
The Aerial Services of the Puerto Rico Police Department are operated by F.U.R.A. known in Spanish as Fuerzas Unidas de Rapida Accion (Joint Forces of Rapid Action). Its mission is to identify, intercept, detain and seize ships or boats with their crews, whose intention is to promote drug trafficking, weapons smuggling or human trafficking. It also provides air support to the ground units.
The aerial services unit dates back to 1963, when the air unit was stationed at Isla Grande Airport. Its fleet at that time consisted of Fairchild Hiller FH-1100 and OH-23 Raven helicopters.
In 1986, the unit was integrated to form the FURA. The fleet was changed to MBB/Kawasaki BK 117, MD 500 and Bell 206 helicopters. The BK117s were "state of the art" in equipment for police patrol missions; one of the helicopters had weather radar and full IFR capability. The Puerto Rico police became one of the first air units in the U.S. to operate a large BK117 fleet on police missions. The BK117 helicopters are no longer in use, and most were auctioned off in recent years.
On December 31, 1986, a fire occurred at the Dupont Plaza Hotel. People fled to the roof of the hotel to escape the fire, which had started in the hotel's casino. The PR Police air unit responded with the MD 500 series helicopter, unit N5231G. Lt. Julio Colón, the pilot, landed the helicopter on the roof of the 17-floor hotel, with just one skid in contact. Space limitations of the roof structure prevented a more stable contact with both skids.
On mid 1990s, the air unit received one MD 520N NOTAR system, tail number N128PD. Also, one Beechcraft Super King Air, from the program High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area. This aircraft has the same equipment as United States Customs Service aircraft. The primary mission is monitoring of drug trafficking. Today, the King Air is "not airworthy".
On July 26, 1993, was a sad day for the Puerto Rico Police air unit.
The MD Helicopters MD 500 N126PD "S/N 0499E", was on patrol when he collided with a cable wire with fatal consequences. The accident occurred when the helicopter struck a high-voltage wire, not having reached the necessary height to avoid hitting them. The helicopter caught fire instantly and the remains landed near some gates of Carraízo Dam in Trujillo Alto. Every time when opening the floodgates of the Loiza river, a helicopter had flown over the place warning to fishermen to evacate the area. Today this type of flight is prohibited.
Helicopter crew:
In 1995 the Puerto Rico Air Unit received, five Bell OH-58 Kiowa from U.S. Army Donation. The OH-58C are Demilitarized ("demilitarized" means converted to non-military use or purpose, returned to a civilian field.) Today, this fleet of OH-58C is "Not Airworthy".
In 2000, the air unit received three brand-new helicopters, Bell 407 tail number N137PD and N311DJ, one Bell 412 tail number N136PD. The Bell 412 was equipped "multi-mission" with rescue cable.
In 2006, FURA received two new Bell 407 tail number N139PD and N138PD helicopters with new Wescam technology, including more powerful searchlights and heat-seeking monitors that it can use to search for a person under any obstacle; also, it received a telephoto camera that can see a license plate very clearly from 4,000 feet (1,200 m) in the air. The system are capable of transmitting live image to ground units.
In 2007, police superintendent Pedro Toledo, had plans to buy an blimp for use in the fight against drug trafficking. Purchase never materialized because of the high cost of maintenance.
On December 2008, the air unit lost a Cessna 172 on the west side of the island. They were on patrol, looking for suspicious vessel approaching the coast; suddenly the engine shut down. They were forced to make an emergency landing on the shores of Añasco. Three crew escape uninjured.
On September 2009 a MD Helicopters MD 500 N127PD, was on the way from Ponce, Puerto Rico police air base to Mayagüez. When they were flying over the mountains, the helicopter lost the turbine RPM. The sergeant and experienced pilot can get a space between the mountains for the emergency landing. The mountain has 1,500 feet (460 m) tall. Autorotation (helicopter) maneuver was successful and all 3 members of the crew were unharmed. The helicopter is intact and was transported back for repairs.
Today, airworthy fleet consists of one Cessna 310, one Cessna 404, three Bell 407s, one Bell 412,and three MD Helicopters MD 500 and one MD520N.
The Aereal Services duties range from giving air support to ground units and coastal patrol, to Search and Rescue and SWAT exersices.
Since the integration of law #77 of June 22, 1956, the main service weapon was the Smith & Wesson Model 10. Then, between the 1970s and 1980s, the Smith & Wesson Model 28 and the Smith & Wesson Model 686 became the main service weapons. Between late 1999 and 2009 the main service weapon was the Smith & Wesson Model 5906. The sidearm issued to officers is the Smith & Wesson M&P, but officers may purchase and qualify with any semiautomatic type pistol. Officers have also trained and qualified with a wide variety of specialized weapons like the M4, M-14, Remington 870 among others. In addition, all police stations have an armory containing tactical equipment and high powered rifles and shotguns. The main bulletproof vest is a type 3A and type 2 tactical vest.
For non-lethal weapons, PRPD officers have used the straight stick, a type of nightstick for fights or riot situations. This type of nightstick is very commonly used also by the Tactical Operations Division, which is their main weapon excluding their guns. The PR-24 side-handle baton is not commonly used by the PRPD, but is commonly used by some members of the Auxiliary Police. Other non-lethal weapons include TASER, plastic bullets, "bean bags", tear gas, expandable batons, pepper spray, etc.
Since November 4, 2009, the Smith & Wesson M&P M&P40 was adopted as a main service weapon for future police candidates.[6]
The Communications Division consists of four sections: 1. Trunking systems and Microwave, 2. Special Services, 3. Telephone, and Radio Workshop. Each region of enforcement has people from these sections providing the department with communication support.
The Puerto Rico Police radio communications are on VHF, UHF and 800 MHz.
The metro area is covered by two Motorola 800 MHz trunked radio systems. The system is Motorola Type II since 1992. This system covers the regions of: San Juan, Bayamón, Caguas and Carolina.
Trunked radio system was upgraded to Motorola Smart Zone in 2010.
There is also systems interoperability, capable of communication in VHF, UHF, 700 MHz, 800 MHz and P-25 on the VHF, UHF, 700 MHz, 800 MHz.
Also, the Ponce, Puerto Rico and Mayaguez, Puerto Rico area runs a trunk 800 MHz analog system. The rest of the island has been covered by VHF and UHF analog repeaters, since 1950s.
Also with more disaggregated data and communications centers as follows: 13 control centers, one in each Region Police, a Command Center in Fura and Radio Control Center that is responsible for monitoring all Regions and Units of the Police of Puerto Rico And coordinates internal and external resources.
Puerto Rico Police use the Ten-code on police radio communication.
The Puerto Rico Police Department is regionally divided into 13 police regions to provide better service to the public. Each region has a commanding officer and 2 sub-commanding officers; one for investigation, and the other for field operations. The police regions are:
The most populated area in Puerto Rico, the capital is an area with a high crime incidence. With regional offices located at the Puerta de Tierra district in the San Juan Islet, this police region is composed of only the city of San Juan. The majority of sworn officers of the Puerto Rico Police Department work in the San Juan Region precincts and specialized divisions. San Juan has 11 precincts protecting its residents and visitors. The home of the Puerto Rico Police Department Headquarters, located in the West Hato Rey district, houses the rest of the specialized units; it is also home for the FURA air station in Isla Grande Airport. The specialized units have included: FURA, Highway Patrol, CIC, Auto Thief Division, Special Operations Division, Tactical Operations Division, Community Relations Division, Domestic Violence Division, Special Arrest Division, Public Integrity Division, Internal Affairs, Port Police and the Office of Security and Protection (protection for the governor and his family). The precincts comprising the San Juan region are:
|
|
The Ponce Region is the second-largest police region of Puerto Rico. It covers the towns of Yauco, Juana Díaz, Santa Isabel, Villalba, Peñuelas, Guayanilla, Guanica and Ponce. Its headquarters are located at 500 Hostos Avenue in the city of Ponce. The region is composed of five precincts, six police districts, the southern headquarters of FURA including its maritime division located in the port of Ponce, and an aerial division located at Mercedita Airport. Precincts are located at: Villa Street,[7] Playa, Fullana, Glenview, Coto Laurel, and Downtown.
Located east of San Juan, the Carolina police region serves the eastern part of the San Juan Metropolitan Area, and most of the towns on the northeastern part of Puerto Rico. This region covers the towns of Canóvanas, Loiza, Trujillo Alto and Carolina, making this last one as command center. Their command offices are located at 214 W. Arzuaga St. in the downtown area of Carolina. This area protects the Luis Muñoz Marin International Airport, as well as many hotels and tourist sites. Most of criminal activity is located in the areas between east Carolina, Loiza and west of Canóvanas. The Carolina police region have many specialized units, as Highway Patrol, Tactical Operations Division, CIC, FURA maritime and horseback division, and Turistic Police.
Created on September 6, 1997, the Fajardo police region is composed by the towns in the eastern tip of Puerto Rico, including the island-municipalities of Viques and Culebra. The towns covered by this region are: Luquillo, Ceiba, Rio Grande, Vieques, Culebra and Fajardo. Their headquarters are located at #99 E. Victoria St. in Fajardo, Puerto Rico. A big difference of this region from all the 13 other regions in Puerto Rico, is the protection and enforcement of the island-municipalities of Vieques (located 16 miles or 26 kilometres east of Puerto Rico), and Culebra (17 miles east of Puerto Rico). Because of their distance from Puerto Rico, is an easy place for drug connections from South America and North America. That's why most of that area is protected with a coordination of U.S. Federal Agencies, such as the Drug Enforcement Agency (D.E.A.) and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (A.T.F.). This region is responsible also for the protection of the Caribbean National Forest, also known as "El Yunque" coordinated by the local United States Park Police and the Puerto Rico Police Department. It has 5 police districts, 1 police post located at the village of Palmer in Rio Grande, it also have many specialize unit such as Highway Patrol, Vice Unit, Special Operation and Tactical Operations Division, Maritime division, Transportation, Community Relations and Auto Theft Division.
With their headquarters located at Corazones Avenue in Mayagüez, the Mayagüez police region serves the towns of the western and southwestern tip of Puerto Rico. Those towns are: Mayagüez, Añasco, Las Marias, Maricao, Sabana Grande, Hormigueros, San German, Cabo Rojo and Lajas. This region very well known for the arrivals of illegal aliens from the Dominican Republic who cross the Mona Passage. For that reason, the whole of western Puerto Rico is combined protected with US agencies such as the US Border Patrol. On the Holly Week and in summer seasons, this region is fully compacted by tourists and residents that pack this area for the beaches and the sizzling hot weather, which is a lot of work for the police in this area. The Mayagüez police region its composed by two precincts (North Mayagüez and South Mayagüez), 8 police districts and 1 police post located at the Boqueron Village in Cabo Rojo. Also it has specialized units such as: Special Operations Division, Vice Unit, Illegal Weapons Division, Tactical Operations Division, Highway Patrol, S.O.R.T. Team (Special Operations Response Team), as well as Horseback and Maritime division from FURA.
With headquarters located at 300# E. Hostos Avenue in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, this region protects the towns of the northern half of Puerto Rico, serving the towns of Arecibo, Hatillo, Camuy, Quebradillas, Barceloneta, Florida, Manatí, Ciales and Morovis. As well as a diamond of the north, the Arecibo police region is well known by the roaring waves of the Atlantic Ocean, but also of the floods that normally cross the villages of these towns. Also, drug and weapons flow normally through the low-class residential neighborhoods, such as El Coto in Arecibo. But arrest modes in this area have been very successful. The region is composed of 8 police districts, 2 precincts and 2 police posts in Sabana Hoyos. Also it has specialized units such as: Highway Patrol, Maritime Division, CIC and Rescue Unit.
The Aibonito police region is the most recent police region in Puerto Rico. Created on October 1, 2003, it covers the towns of Barranquitas, Comerio, Orocovis, Coamo and Aibonito, where the headquarters are located at #198 Julio Rosario St. This police region was in the past divided by other police regions such as Bayamón and Caguas. This area is not a "high incidence crime area" because of the geographical location; there is some incidence of crime such as drugs and breaking and entering. The major problems in the area are car accidents and auto thieves. Structurally the region is composed by 5 police districts and a Police Post located in the Hayales village in Coamo. The specialized units are: Auto Thief Division, Highway Patrol, CIC, Athletic Youth League (Relations with the community), Vice Unit, and both Special and Tactical Operations Division.
The Caguas Police Region is the police region for the central-eastern part of Puerto Rico. The region is composed by the towns of: San Lorenzo, Juncos, Aguas Buenas, Cidra, Gurabo and Caguas, this last one is where region headquarters are located at José Mercado Avenue and the corner Cristobal Colón Street. The area is also where the main campus of the Puerto Rico Criminal Justice College (Puerto Rico Police Department Academy) is located, in the town of Gurabo. The region is structurally composed of six police districts. It also has specialized units such as: Highway Patrol, Tactical Operations Division, Auxiliary Police, Special Operations Division and CIC.
Serving an estimated 106,000 inhabitants divided into 4 towns, the Utuado Police Region is the biggest police region in Puerto Rico, in terms of geographical terrain. It serves the towns of Lares, Jayuya, Adjuntas and Utuado, with region headquarters located at #11 Gubermental St. in Utuado. The region is structurally divided into: 5 precincts (Lares, Castañer, Utuado, Angeles and Mameyes), and two police districts (Jayuya and Adjuntas). The region has had many specialized units, including: Cycle Patrol, Highway Patrol, Tactical Operations Division, Domestic Violence Unit and CIC.
The Bayamón Police Region is the Puerto Rico Police Department region for the western San Juan Metropolitan Area and the one half of northern Puerto Rico.
It is composed of the towns of: Cataño, Corozal, Dorado, Guaynabo, Naranjito, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Vega Alta, Vega Baja and Bayamón. This last one is where the regional headquarters are located at #200 State Road PR-28 in the Luchetti Industrial Park.
The precincts that compose the Bayamón region are: North Bayamón, West Bayamón, South Bayamón, Juan Domingo (Guaynabo), Levittown (Toa Baja), and Cedro arriba, Naranjito.
This region, in crime-related terms, is turning to a highly criminal area, specifically between west Bayamón and Toa Baja; this area is controlled in the drug world by drug lord Angelo M. Ayala, better known as "Angelo Millones". In the beginning of the summer of 2009, a bloody massacre left 3 people dead, one of them was a 17-year-old kid. Since then, US federal authorities such as DEA and ATF, and state agencies as P.R.P.D. and N.I.E. have been at war with this man. He has been one of the most wanted men in Puerto Rico by state and federal agencies. The Bayamón police region is structurally composed of 9 police precincts and 7 police districts. It also has specialized units as: Auto Thief Division, CIC, Highway Patrol, Tactical Operations Division, Special Operations Division and Vice Unit.
The Humacao police region is the Puerto Rico Police Department region for the southeastern part of Puerto Rico. It covers the towns of: Naguabo, Yabucoa, Las Piedras, Maunabo and Humacao. This last one is where the regional headquarters are located at the corner of State Road 908 and Boire Street. This region is one of the first 4 regions established under law #77 of June 22, 1956. The region was quiet, but also with criminal activity not as dangerous as the San Juan Metropolitan Area. The region is structurally composed of 5 police districts; it also has specialized units such as: Highway Patrol, Tactical Operations Division, Vice Unit, Auto Thief, Community Relations, Special Operations Division and CIC.
But on August 10, 2007, Tactical Operations Division officer Javier Pagán Cruz shot and killed a community leader identified as Miguel A. Cáceres. The incident occurred when Miguel stopped traffic at an intersection of State Road PR-3 to let a motorcade of a quincieañera pass. When police were passing by to investigate the situation, officer Págan questioned Miguel about his actions. Officer Págan determined that he was in violation of the law including insulting a female officer. He proceeded to arrest him, but Miguel resisted arrest. Miguel was on the floor resisting, while Págan and 2 more officers beat him. When officer Págan went for his gun, Miguel tried to grab it. The gun discharged, killing Miguel instantly, but officer Págan continued shooting him. The whole scene was captured on video. All 3 officers from the Humacao Tactical Operations Division were discharged from the force. This created a bad image on the region. But since this incident, the region is involved in both crime prevention and community resources.
The Guayama police region is the Puerto Rico Police region for the southeastern half of Puerto Rico. It covers the towns of: Salinas, Cayey, Patillas, Arroyo and Guayama. This last one is where the regional headquarters are located at Jose M. Torres Avenue, South Detour. The region evolved from the police regions of Ponce and Humacao in the late 1980s. Mostly composed of farm communities and small urban areas, the region has been 9th in criminal activity. It is structurally composed of 5 police districts. The region has different specialized units. It has CIC (Crimimnal Investigations Corps), two Highway Patrol stations, two maritime unit stations, Auto Thief Division, Tactical Operations Division, Community Relations, Drug and Weapons Unit (Vice Unit) and a shooting range.
Located at #463 Victoria Avenue in Aguadilla, the region is in charge of protecting the northwestern tip of Puerto Rico. It covers the towns of Moca, San Sebastian, Aguada, Rincon, Isabela, Aguadilla and the Ramey ward in Aguadilla. It has one of the lowest crime-incidence rates in Puerto Rico. Since it is located in the Mona passage, the region works in union with US federal agencies, such as ATF, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and mostly with the U.S. Border Patrol. The region is composed of many specialized units, such as: DOT, DOE, Highway Patrol, FURA, CIC, SORT and Vice Unit.
On Friday, August 10, 2007, Puerto Rico police officer Javier Pagán Cruz, killed a community leader, Miguel A. Cáceres Cruz, after he was brutally shot, an event captured by amateur video.
The victim was doing traffic control while a quinceañera (analogous to a "Sweet Sixteen" in the US) motorcade was passing by. The police officer tried to make an arrest of the man for many reasons including disrespect to a female officer, however as the man resisted, the officer began to beat the victim at which time his gun was discharged.[8] In apparent rage, the officer fired at the man at near point-blank range. The victim was shot four times, with a fifth and last shot being fired in the back of the head after a short pause, in what the local media described as "execution style". The victim was pronounced dead at the scene.
The victim's family is currently undertaking a campaign against police brutality, which has caused much controversy in the Puerto Rico Police Department and other government agencies.[9]
Four agencies, including the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Puerto Rico Police Dept, Puerto Rico Justice Department, and the Civil Rights Commission, are investigating this and many other incidents in which members of the police force have been engaging in criminal acts that have been uncovered at large greatly in part to efforts of the local media.
Calle 13 has contributed with a song named "Tributo a La Policia" to the police of the Puerto Rico Police Department, due to the killings of "Christopher", Calle 13's "Brother", "Naldo Dario", "Santiago Marín Pesquera", "Carlos Enrique", "Miguel A. Cáceres Cruz" and "Antonia Martínez". However, eventually it became a rivalry between Calle 13 and the Puerto Rican police, so they answered Calle 13 back with a song named "Tributo A Calle 13".
In September 2010, the FBI conducted raids across Puerto Rico, arresting many members of the PRPD and other local police agencies as part of Operation Guard Shack.
|
||||||||||||||
|
||||||||